ʻO ka sterility pāʻoihana o ka meaʻai hiki ke pili i kahi kūlana sterile kahi i loaʻa ʻole nā microorganism pathogenic a me nā microorganism non-pathogenic hiki ke hana hou i loko o ka meaʻai hiki ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana o ka meaʻai hiki ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia i ka wela, he mea nui ia no ka meaʻai hiki ke hoʻokō. ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ke ola ma muli o ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka palekana o ka meaʻai a me ka maikaʻi.ʻO ka sterility pāʻoihana o ka meaʻai hiki i ka hoʻāʻo microbiological meaʻai e hōʻike ʻia e ka sterility pili, ʻaʻohe microorganism pathogenic, a ʻaʻohe microorganisms hiki ke hoʻonui i loko o nā kini ma ka lumi wela.
I mea e hoʻokō ai i nā kūlana sterility pāʻoihana e ʻae ʻia, ʻo ke kaʻina hana meaʻai hiki ke komo i nā kaʻina hana e like me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua ʻana i nā mea maka, canning, sealing, sterilization kūpono, a me ka hoʻopili ʻana.ʻO nā mea hana me nā ʻenehana hana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a me nā koi hoʻokele kiʻekiʻe i ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī a me nā kaʻina hana kūpono.
ʻO ka ʻenehana nānā ʻana i ka sterility canned pāʻoihana i ka nānā ʻana i ka microbiological meaʻai ua paʻa loa, a ʻo ka nānā ʻana i kāna kaʻina kikoʻī e kūpono i ka hoʻohana maikaʻi ʻana i kēia ʻenehana i nā hana kūpono e hōʻoia i ka palekana o ka meaʻai.ʻO ke kaʻina kikoʻī o ka nānā ʻana i ka sterility pāʻoihana canned i ka nānā ʻana i ka microbiological meaʻai e like me kēia (ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea nānā i kekahi mau keʻena nānā ʻekolu ʻaoʻao):
1. Moʻomeheu bacteria hiki ke kanu ʻia
ʻO ka moʻomeheu bacteria canned kekahi o nā kaʻina hana nui i ka nānā ʻana i ka sterility pāʻoihana o ka meaʻai hiki.Ma o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā mea i loko o nā laʻana kīʻaha, a me ka nānā ʻana a me ka nānā ʻana i nā kolone bacteria moʻomeheu, hiki ke loiloi ʻia nā ʻāpana microbial i loko o ka meaʻai hiki.
ʻO nā microorganism pathogenic maʻamau i loko o nā kini, ʻaʻole i kaupalena ʻia i nā bacteria thermophilic, e like me Bacillus stearothermophilus, Bacillus coagulans, Clostridium saccharolyticus, Clostridium niger, etc.;mesophilic anaerobic bacteria, e like me ka botulinum toxin Clostridium, Clostridium spoilage, Clostridium butyricum, Clostridium pasteurianum, etc.;Mesophilic aerobic bacteria, e like me Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, etc.;Non-spore-producing bacteria e like me Escherichia coli, Streptococcus, hū A me ka mold, ka wela-pale a me nā mea'ē aʻe.Ma mua o ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka moʻomeheu bacteri canned, e ʻike pono e ana i ka pH o ke kini i mea e koho ai i ke ʻano kūpono.
2. Ka laʻana o ka mea ho'āʻo
Hoʻohana maʻamau ke ʻano laʻana no ka laʻana o nā mea hoʻokolohua o ka meaʻai hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia.I ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i nā pūʻulu nui o nā meaʻai canned, lawe ʻia ka laʻana e like me nā mea e like me ka mea hana, ka hōʻailona, nā ʻano like ʻole, ke kumu o ka meaʻai hiki a i ʻole ka manawa hana.No nā kini ʻē aʻe e like me nā kini ʻōpala, nā kini i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, nā niho, a me nā pehu i ke kaʻa ʻana o nā mea kūʻai aku a me nā hale kūʻai, lawe ʻia ka laʻana kikoʻī e like me ke kūlana.ʻO ia ke koi kumu no ka laʻana o nā mea hoʻokolohua e koho i ke ʻano hoʻohālike kūpono e like me ke kūlana maoli, i loaʻa ai nā mea hoʻokolohua e hōʻike ana i ka maikaʻi o ka meaʻai canned.
3. Mālama ʻia ka laʻana
Ma mua o ka mālama ʻana i nā laʻana, pono nā hana e like me ke kaupaona ʻana, ka mālama ʻana i ka mahana, a me ka wehe ʻana i nā kini.E kaupaona kaʻawale i ke kaumaha ʻupena o ke kini, ma muli o ke ʻano o ke kini, pono e pololei i ka 1g a i ʻole 2g.Hoʻohuiʻia me ka pH a me ka mahana, mālamaʻia nā kini i kahi mahana mau no 10 mau lā;ʻO nā kini momona a i ʻole i ka wai i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana pono e koho koke ʻia no ka nānā ʻana.Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ke kaʻina hana mālama wela, e kau i ke kini ma ka lumi wela no ka wehe ʻana aseptic.Ma hope o ka wehe ʻana i ke kini, e hoʻohana i nā mea hana kūpono e lawe i ka 10-20 mg o ka maʻiʻo ma mua i kahi kūlana sterile, e hoʻololi i loko o kahi pahu sterilized, a mālama i loko o ka friji.
4.Moʻomeheu meaʻai haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa
ʻO ka mahi ʻana i nā meaʻai haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e pono ai nā ʻano hana kūikawā: ka mahi ʻana i ka brompotassium poni poni ma 36 °C, kanu ʻana i ka brompotassium poni poni ma 55 °C, a me ka mahi ʻana i ka ʻiʻo i hoʻomoʻa ʻia ma 36 °C.Hoʻopili ʻia nā hopena a hoʻopaʻa ʻia, a ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka nānā pono ʻana ma hope o ka nānā ʻana i ka microscopic, i mea e hōʻoia ai i ka pololei o ka pahuhopu o ka hoʻokolohua ʻike ʻano bacteria i nā meaʻai haʻahaʻa.I ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka ʻano, e nānā i ka hana ʻana i ka waikawa a me ka hana kinoea o nā kolone microbial ma ke ʻano, a me ke ʻano a me ke kala o nā koloni, i mea e hōʻoia ai i nā ʻano microbial kikoʻī i loko o ka meaʻai.
5. Ka nānā ʻana i ka microscopic
ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka microscopic smear ka mea maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka sterility pāʻoihana canned, pono e hoʻopau i nā mea nānā ʻike maikaʻi.I loko o kahi kaiapuni sterile, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hana aseptic, e hamo i ka wai bacteria o nā microorganism i loko o nā ʻāpana canned i hoʻoulu ʻia i kahi mahana mau i ka waena, a nānā i ke ʻano o ka bacteria ma lalo o kahi microscope mana kiʻekiʻe. e hoʻoholo i nā ʻano microorganism i loko o ka wai bacteria.Ka nānā ʻana, a hoʻonohonoho i ka ʻanuʻu aʻe o ka moʻomeheu hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me ka ʻike e hōʻoia hou i ke ʻano o ka bacteria i loko o ke kini.Pono kēia ʻanuʻu i ka maikaʻi ʻoihana kiʻekiʻe loa o nā mea nānā, a ua lilo pū kekahi i loulou e hiki ke hoʻāʻo maikaʻi i ka ʻike ʻoihana a me nā mākau o nā mea nānā.
6. Ho'āʻo mahiʻai no ka meaʻai ʻakika me ka pH ma lalo o 4.6
No nā meaʻai ʻakika me ka waiwai pH haʻahaʻa ma mua o 4.6, ʻaʻole koi ʻia ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka maʻi bacteria.Ma ke kaʻina mahiʻai kikoʻī, ma waho aʻe o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mea hupa acidic e like me ke ʻano, pono nō hoʻi e hoʻohana i ka broth extract malt ma ke ʻano o ka mahiʻai.Ma ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana a me ka nānā ʻana i ka microscopic o nā kolone bacteria moʻomeheu, hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia nā ʻano bacteria i loko o nā kini waika, i mea e hana hou ai i kahi loiloi ʻoi aku ka pahuhopu a me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka palekana meaʻai o nā kini waikawa.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻAukake-10-2022